kHeavyHash Miners

⚠️ DYOR Disclaimer: Do Your Own Research. The information presented here was believed to be accurate at the time of creation, but specifications, pricing, and availability can change rapidly. Always verify current information directly with manufacturers and reputable vendors before making purchasing decisions. If you find any information that is incorrect, missing, or out of date, please open a GitHub issue to help keep this documentation current.

Mining research is quickly dated! This research was last updated July 2025.

Bitmain Bitmain

Bitmain is among the largest and longest-established ASIC manufacturers globally, best known for its Antminer brand and dominance in SHA‑256 (Bitcoin) mining. Like other kHeavyHash manufacturers, Bitmain produces dedicated hardware for the algorithm; unlike many of them, it is a vertically integrated giant with a broad product range across multiple algorithms and a large share of Bitcoin hashrate. Bitmain’s KS series (KS3 through KS7) targets the kHeavyHash segment with both older and newer models.

Antminer KS7 (40 TH/s)

  • Release Date & MSRP: August 2025; MSRP $3,399–$5,500
  • Hashrate: 36–40 TH/s
  • Power: 2,772 W (36TH) / 3,080 W (40TH)
  • Efficiency: 12.99–13.00 GH/W (0.077 J/GH)

Antminer KS5 Pro (21 TH/s)

  • Release Date & MSRP: TBD; MSRP $1,822–$2,430
  • Hashrate: 21 TH/s
  • Power: 3,150 W
  • Efficiency: 6.67 GH/W (0.15 J/GH)

Antminer KS5 (20 TH/s)

  • Release Date & MSRP: TBD; ~$9,999 resale
  • Hashrate: 20 TH/s
  • Power: 3,000 W
  • Efficiency: 6.67 GH/W (0.15 J/GH)

Antminer KS3 (8.3–9.4 TH/s)

  • Release Date & MSRP: August 2023; Unknown at launch; ~$4,799 resale
  • Hashrate: 8.3–9.4 TH/s
  • Power: 3,188 W or 3,500 W
  • Efficiency: 2.60–2.69 GH/W (0.37–0.38 J/GH)

IceRiver IceRiver

IceRiver is the mining hardware brand of BGIN Blockchain Limited (NASDAQ: BGIN). BGIN is a digital-asset technology company that designs and manufactures cryptocurrency mining hardware and infrastructure. IceRiver is part of a publicly listed parent; unlike Bitmain, it focuses heavily on altcoin algorithms including kHeavyHash (KAS), Blake3 (ALPH), zkSNARK (ALEO), and others. IceRiver offers one of the broadest kHeavyHash lineups—from entry-level KS0/KS0 Pro up through KS7—plus hosting and integrated services. Official shop and product info: iceriver.io.

KS7 (30 TH/s)

  • Release Date & MSRP: April 2025; MSRP $1,999
  • Hashrate: 30 TH/s
  • Power: 3,500 W
  • Efficiency: 8.57 GH/W (0.117 J/GH)

KS7 Lite (4.2 TH/s)

  • Release Date & MSRP: March–April 2025; MSRP $799
  • Hashrate: 4.2 TH/s
  • Power: 500 W
  • Efficiency: 8.40 GH/W (0.119 J/GH)

KS2 Lite (2 TH/s)

  • Release Date & MSRP: October 2024; MSRP $800
  • Hashrate: 2 TH/s
  • Power: 500 W
  • Efficiency: 4.00 GH/W (0.25 J/GH)

KS0 Ultra (400 GH/s)

  • Release Date & MSRP: June 2024; MSRP $129–$269
  • Hashrate: 400 GH/s
  • Power: 100 W
  • Efficiency: 4.00 GH/W (0.25 J/GH)

KS5M (15 TH/s)

  • Release Date & MSRP: May 20, 2024; MSRP $1,799
  • Hashrate: 15 TH/s (±10%)
  • Power: 3,400 W (±10%)
  • Efficiency: ~4.41 GH/W (~0.227 J/GH)

KS5L (12 TH/s)

  • Release Date & MSRP: Unknown; MSRP $10,999
  • Hashrate: 12 TH/s
  • Power: ~2,400 W
  • Efficiency: 5.00 GH/W (0.20 J/GH)

KS3 (8 TH/s)

  • Release Date & MSRP: Unknown
  • Hashrate: 8 TH/s
  • Power: 3,200 W
  • Efficiency: 2.50 GH/W (0.40 J/GH)

KS3M (6 TH/s)

  • Release Date & MSRP: Unknown
  • Hashrate: 6 TH/s
  • Power: 3,400 W
  • Efficiency: ~1.76 GH/W (~0.57 J/GH)

KS2 (2 TH/s)

  • Release Date & MSRP: Unknown
  • Hashrate: 2 TH/s
  • Power: 1,200 W
  • Efficiency: ~1.67 GH/W (0.60 J/GH)

KS1 (1 TH/s)

  • Release Date & MSRP: Unknown
  • Hashrate: 1 TH/s
  • Power: 600 W
  • Efficiency: ~1.67 GH/W (0.60 J/GH)

KS0 Pro (200 GH/s)

  • Release Date & MSRP: Unknown
  • Hashrate: 200 GH/s
  • Power: 100 W
  • Efficiency: 2.00 GH/W (0.50 J/GH)

KS0 (100 GH/s)

  • Release Date & MSRP: Unknown
  • Hashrate: 100 GH/s
  • Power: 65 W
  • Efficiency: ~1.54 GH/W (~0.65 J/GH)

Goldshell Goldshell

Goldshell is the mining hardware brand of Intchains Group Limited (NASDAQ: ICG). Intchains is a publicly traded provider of altcoin mining products, Ethereum holdings, and Web3 applications. Goldshell targets altcoin algorithms rather than Bitcoin; it offers kHeavyHash models such as the KA BOX, KA-BOX Pro, and E-KA1M, alongside rigs for numerous other projects. Goldshell differentiates with products aimed at flexible, multi-algo use (e.g. swappable hash boards) and a focus on “blue‑ocean” altcoin segments. Official store: goldshell.com.

E-KA1M (5.5 TH/s)

  • Release Date & MSRP: August 2024; Unknown
  • Hashrate: 5.5 TH/s
  • Power: 1,800 W
  • Efficiency: ~3.06 GH/W (~0.33 J/GH)

KA-BOX Pro (1.6 TH/s)

  • Release Date & MSRP: March–June 2024; ~$2,000–$3,000
  • Hashrate: 1.6 TH/s
  • Power: 600 W
  • Efficiency: ~2.67 GH/W (0.375 J/GH)

KA BOX (1.18 TH/s)

  • Release Date & MSRP: Unknown
  • Hashrate: 1.18 TH/s
  • Power: 400 W
  • Efficiency: 2.95 GH/W (0.34 J/GH)

DragonBall DragonBall

DragonBall Miner is an independent manufacturer of cryptocurrency mining equipment, with a product line including kHeavyHash models (KS6, KS6 Pro) and machines for RXD (SHA512256d) and ALPH (Blake3). Like Bitmain and IceRiver, DragonBall sells factory-built ASICs and offers hosting; unlike the large, publicly listed players, it operates as a focused hardware vendor without a public parent. The company stresses that Dragon Ball series miners are sold only via its official site and authorized agents—buyers should avoid unsanctioned third‑party channels.

KS6 Pro (10.5 TH/s)

  • Release Date & MSRP: June 2024; MSRP $4,570
  • Hashrate: 10.5 TH/s
  • Power: 3,600 W
  • Efficiency: ~2.92 GH/W (~0.34 J/GH)

KS6 (10.5–11 TH/s)

  • Release Date & MSRP: Unknown; MSRP $6,990–$10,499
  • Hashrate: 10.5–11 TH/s
  • Power: 3,400–3,600 W
  • Efficiency: ~3.09 GH/W (~0.32 J/GH)

iBeLink iBeLink

iBeLink is the mining brand of Fluxmind International Limited. It produces ASICs for several algorithms, including kHeavyHash (BM-KS Max), Scrypt (e.g. BM-S3), and Nervos (BM-N3 series). Like DragonBall, iBeLink is an independent hardware vendor rather than a listed conglomerate; it emphasizes altcoin mining. The BM-KS Max is its sole kHeavyHash model listed here. Official site: en.ibelink.com.hk.

BM-KS Max (10.5 TH/s)

  • Release Date & MSRP: February 2024; MSRP $2,499
  • Hashrate: 10.5 TH/s
  • Power: 3,400 W
  • Efficiency: ~3.09 GH/W (~0.32 J/GH)

WindMiners WindMiners

WindMiners once offered kHeavyHash ASICs (e.g. the K9); at the time of writing, no verified official website or current company information could be found. Aggregators such as ASIC Miner Value do not indicate an active, supported WindMiners operation. We do not recommend purchasing WindMiners hardware; it appears to be an unsupported, likely defunct brand, and buying such equipment carries elevated risk.

K9 (10.5 TH/s)

  • Release Date & MSRP: November 2023; ~$17,599
  • Hashrate: 10.5 TH/s
  • Power: 3,300 W
  • Efficiency: 3.18 GH/W (0.314 J/GH)

📋 kHeavyHash Miner Comparison Summary Table

This table lists current known manufacturers and models of ASIC miners built to support the kHeavyHash algorithm. It includes specifications such as hashrate, power consumption, and efficiency.

Manufacturer Model Hashrate Power Efficiency (H/W) Efficiency (J/GH)
Bitmain KS7 36–40 TH/s 2,772–3,080 W 13.0 GH/W 0.077 J/GH
  KS5 Pro 21 TH/s 3,150 W 6.67 GH/W 0.15 J/GH
  KS5 20 TH/s 3,000 W 6.67 GH/W 0.15 J/GH
  KS3 8.3–9.4 TH/s 3,188–3,500 W 2.60–2.69 GH/W 0.37–0.38 J/GH
IceRiver KS7 30 TH/s 3,500 W 8.57 GH/W 0.12 J/GH
  KS7 Lite 4.2 TH/s 500 W 8.40 GH/W 0.12 J/GH
  KS2 Lite 2 TH/s 500 W 4.00 GH/W 0.25 J/GH
  KS0 Ultra 400 GH/s 100 W 4.00 GH/W 0.25 J/GH
  KS5M 15 TH/s 3,400 W ~4.41 GH/W ~0.23 J/GH
  KS5L 12 TH/s ~2,400 W 5.00 GH/W 0.20 J/GH
  KS3 8 TH/s 3,200 W 2.50 GH/W 0.40 J/GH
  KS3M 6 TH/s 3,400 W ~1.76 GH/W ~0.57 J/GH
  KS2 2 TH/s 1,200 W ~1.67 GH/W 0.60 J/GH
  KS1 1 TH/s 600 W ~1.67 GH/W 0.60 J/GH
  KS0 Pro 200 GH/s 100 W 2.00 GH/W 0.50 J/GH
  KS0 100 GH/s 65 W ~1.54 GH/W ~0.65 J/GH
Goldshell E-KA1M 5.5 TH/s 1,800 W ~3.06 GH/W ~0.33 J/GH
  KA-BOX Pro 1.6 TH/s 600 W ~2.67 GH/W 0.38 J/GH
  KA BOX 1.18 TH/s 400 W 2.95 GH/W 0.34 J/GH
DragonBall KS6 Pro 10.5 TH/s 3,600 W ~2.92 GH/W ~0.34 J/GH
  KS6 10.5–11 TH/s 3,400–3,600 W ~3.09 GH/W ~0.32 J/GH
iBeLink BM-KS Max 10.5 TH/s 3,400 W ~3.09 GH/W ~0.32 J/GH
WindMiners K9 10.5 TH/s 3,300 W 3.18 GH/W 0.314 J/GH

⚠️ Efficiency = Hashrate / Power (e.g. GH/W). Higher is better. J/GH = joules per gigahash (Power / Hashrate in GH/s).

Legacy GPU/CPU Mining

GPU and CPU mining with BZMiner / GMiner / lolMiner, etc. Historical data from Kaspa Wiki hashrate tables.

Vendor Model Hashrate (MH/s) Power (W) Efficiency (MH/W)
Nvidia RTX 3090 850–1050 150–340 ~3.1–6.0
  RTX 3080 Ti 850–1020 150–285 ~3.0–5.5
  RTX 3080 750–852 120–200 ~3.8–6.5
  RTX 3070 Ti 520–639 100–160 ~3.3–5.8
  RTX 3070 560–618 99–212 ~2.6–5.6
  RTX 3060 Ti 470–515 99–175 ~2.7–5.5
  RTX 3060 360–386 65–133 ~2.7–5.5
  RTX 3050 286–301 105–113 ~2.5–2.8
  RTX 2080 Ti 445–795 109–250 ~1.8–4.1
  RTX 2080 Super 505–530 125–190 ~2.7–4.2
  RTX 2080 468–570 105–180 ~2.6–4.5
  RTX 2070 Super 274–420 59–130 ~2.1–4.6
  RTX 2070 328–400 59–130 ~2.5–5.6
  RTX 2060 Super 225–391 60–211 ~1.1–6.5
  RTX 2060 305 102 ~3.0
  GTX 1660 Ti 130–325 75–107 ~1.2–4.3
  GTX 1660 Super 264–300 60–104 ~2.5–5.0
  GTX 1660 250 50 5.0
  GTX 1650 Super 212 69 ~3.1
  GTX 1650 / 1650-D6 55–140 50–70 ~0.8–2.8
  GTX 1080 Ti 520–570 174–230 ~2.3–3.3
  GTX 1080 250–382 90–140 ~1.8–4.2
  GTX 1070 Ti 335–340 120–130 ~2.6–2.8
  GTX 1070 240–305 60–120 ~2.0–5.1
  GTX 1060 6GB 160–222 40–121 ~1.3–5.6
  GTX 1060 5GB / 3GB 170–220 75–90 ~1.9–2.9
  GTX 1050 Ti 90–115 54–90 ~1.0–2.1
  GT 1030 45 30 1.5
  Tesla V100 527 212–300 ~1.8–2.5
  Quadro A4000 557 130 ~4.3
  Quadro A2000 165–313 44–69 ~2.4–7.1
  Quadro P2000 121 65 ~1.9
AMD RX 6900 XT 850–1040 136–293 ~2.9–6.3
  RX 6800 XT 750–880 195–255 ~2.9–4.5
  RX 6800 700 200 3.5
  RX 6700 XT 360–450 150–190 ~1.9–3.0
  RX 6600 XT ~360–380 ~77–170 ~2.1–4.9
  RX 6600 ~250–325 ~58–100 ~2.5–4.3
  RX 6500 XT 220 90 ~2.4
  RX 5700 XT 135–325 50–209 ~0.6–6.5
  RX 5700 141 84 ~1.7
  RX 5600 XT 125–133 90 ~1.4–1.5
  RX 5500 XT 169.5 40 ~4.2
  RX 590 190 170 ~1.1
  RX 580 8GB 90–111 105–110 ~0.8–1.1
  RX 570 165 110 ~1.5
  RX 470 135 80 ~1.7
  RX 460/560 40 45 ~0.9
  RADEON VII 313–436 86–170 ~1.8–5.1
Intel i5-11500 30 100 0.30
  i7-8700 6.6 65 ~0.10
AMD Ryzen 9 5950X 25 125 0.20
  Ryzen 9 5900X 14 83 ~0.17
Other Raspberry Pi 3 Model B 1 15 ~0.07